با سلام به شما بازديد كننده گرامي! اميدواريم در اين سايت دقايق خوشي را سپري نماييد.براي تبادل لينک ابتدا لينک سايت ما را در سايت و يا وبلاگتون قرار دهيد،سپس از طريق قسمت نظرات به ما خبر بدهيد تا ما هم متقابلا اين كار را انجام دهيم.
با آرزوي موفقيت براي شما!
براي جستجو در مطالب اين صفحه واژه مورد نظر را در زير وارد نماييد:
جشنواره غیری حضوری زبان انگلیسی 2 
طرح درس روزانه
نمونه سوال پیش دانشگاهی
کنکور
نمونه سوال زبان 2
نمونه سوال زبان 1
آموزش - مطالب درسی کتابهای دبیرستان و پیش دانشگاهی
مقالات
خبر
دانلود
زبان 3
قالب ســـاز بلاگفـــــــا 
آموزش و پرورش استان مرکزی
گروه زبان انگلیسی استان مازنداران
سایت گروه جغرافیای ساوه
سایت گروه آموزشی شهرستان ابر کوه
متن ریدینگ
سوالات و گرامر زبان انگلیسی (سایت داوری55)
آموزش و پرورش شهر تهران
وزارت آموزش و پرورش
سایت معاونت نظری و مهارتی آموزش وپرورش استان مرکزی
تعداد کاربران آنلاين :
تعداد بازديدهاي شما :
طراح قالب:رضا فراهاني
CHALLENGES IN LANGUAGE ASSESSMENT
Anyone involved in language education today recognizes the importance of testing and assessment. At the same time, however, politicians, parents, learners, and teachers all have different perspectives on why tests are so important and what they can be used for. As a consequence, an important part of English language teachers’ expertise includes a more thorough understanding of principles of assessment. However, in articulating those principles, teachers and researchers alike encounter three thorny issues.
1. Defining the purpose of a test
Terms such as “placement,” “proficiency,” and “achievement” might be used what a test is supposed to be used for. These terms may work for the public, but teachers need a more systematic, thorough, and accurate way of considering the purpose of an
English Language assessment because the purpose of the assessment is critical for choosing or developing a good test. We think of test purpose as consisting of three
interrelated concepts:
• One way to look at test purpose is to consider the inference that test users want to make on the basis of test scores. For example, we designed Longman English Assessment test users to make an inference about examinees’ English Language reading comprehension, listening comprehension, and structures. Making an inference about these three
aspects of English ability was one way of looking at the test purpose.
• A second way is to consider the use of the test results. Typically, a test is given because a decision has to be made about examinees, for example, their readiness to study at a
university, their eligibility for a job, or the grade that they should receive in a course. Longman English Assessment is not intended for any of these relatively high-stakes test uses;
instead, it is intended to give learners an idea of their level of English ability and to offer level-appropriate advice for improving their English.
• The third aspect of test purpose is any other effect that the test is intended to have, such as serving as a motivating, interesting, and informative experience for learners.
2. Understanding what the test measures
If we say that a test is a measure of reading comprehension, for example, as in the discussion of test inference above, two important questions remain: What do we mean by reading comprehension? What does a specific score on the reading comprehension test indicate about a student’s reading comprehension?
The first question has to do with how the test inference is defined. Of course, from a psycholinguist’s perspective, many aspects of a reader’s linguistic knowledge and processes are called into play during reading comprehension. From the perspective of language assessment, we try to simplify this somewhat to include the idea that linguistic processing of morph-o-syntax and the lexicon are required as well as comprehension of rhetorical organization and cohesion across different test types and functions.
The second question has to do with how test performance on the specific test questions relates to what the test taker is actually capable of when reading, for example, an English language course book. Since we were interested in what the test performance would mean relative to English language courses, we developed most of Longman English Assessment through the use of materials from English language textbooks. We defined the types of questions we would ask on the basis of a detailed — but not too detailed — description of what it would take to understand the texts at various levels.
3. Checking on validity
Everyone seems to agree that they want valid English language tests, but as teachers we need to have a clear idea about what this means. In fact, assessment specialists see the expression “valid test” as misleading, because it implies that validity is an inherent quality of a test. A test is not in and of itself valid or invalid; instead, validity refers to the use of a test. For example, a test that we develop to assess ability to use complex sentences in an essay might be valid as part of an achievement test in an English language writing course. In other words, that test use would be valid. However, if the same test were used to place students into a particular level of reading comprehension, that test use would be recognized as invalid. The test was the same in both cases, but the validity depended on its use.
The idea that validity refers to test use is critical because it means that English language teachers are often best able to comment on validity relative to their own test programs and classes. However, to do so, it is important that they understand the characteristics of tests that help to increase the validity of their use — characteristics such as reliability and authenticity. In developing Longman English Assessment, we were concerned about these test characteristics, but the final analysis of the validity of its use needs to be based on the teacher’s own understanding of these characteristics in view of its use.
These three testing challenges, as well as other questions about what and why we teach the way we do, are magnified when instruction and assessment take place through technology. Because of the commitment of time and resources involved in constructing a computer-based assessment, developers take great care to define the test purpose, interpret the score meaning, and consider evidence concerning the validity of the test. As a consequence, the use of carefully designed computer-based materials should help teachers to reflect on these three issues in all of the assessments they use.
ENGLISH LANGUAGE GROUP
85-86
لينك مطلب
نوشته شده توسط:عباس اکبری در:0:7
سؤالات امتحان نهايي
نام و نام خانوادگی
: نام دبير: فرجادنسب دبيرستان شهيد فهميده بقمچ-
Fill in the blanks with appropriate letters. (3 points)1. When a kett…e is boiling, ste…m comes out of it.
2. The moon shi…es in the sky dur…ng the night.
3. They inv…ted us to dinner. I was se…ted near the host.
4. The police didn't re…eive any messa…e from the lost man.
5. He lives in a forei…n country, but he can't underst…nd their language.
6. We heard a lo…d noise and a sno…plow came down the street.
- Fill in the blanks with the words in the box. (There is one extra word). (4 points)
entire – seat – get lost – feed – summer – ripe – vegetables – worship – receive
7. The hottest season of the year is ……………………..
8. Onions, potatoes, and tomatoes are ……………………
9. We can eat fruits when they are ……………………..
10. The birds can find their way easily. They never …………………..
11. I spent the …………………. day on fixing my car.
12. Muslims …………………… the One God.
13. You mustn't ………………. the wild animals in the zoo.
14. Did you …………………… any letters from your uncle last month?
- Write the antonym for each of the following words. (1 point)
15. rich ≠ 16. friend ≠
- Fill in the blanks with the words of your own. (1 point)
17. The table is too heavy. I can't ……………… it.
18. It is not my ………………. to wash the car for you!
- Choose the best answer. (2 points)
19. I should …………………. my shirt. It is dirty.
a. fix b. change c. sell d. find
20. A: What is his ………………….? B: He is French.
a. nationality b. country c. nation d. century
21. …………………. means going from one place to another.
a. migrate b. mystery c. discover d. migration
22. Water turns into ………………… when it is very hot.
a. ice b. fire c. cream d. steam
http://farjadnasab.blogfa.com
لينك مطلب
نوشته شده توسط:عباس اکبری در:23:56
عید سعید قربان و غدیر را پیشاپیش بر عموم مسلمین به ویژه به همکاران گرامی تبریک عرض می نمایم.
لينك مطلب
نوشته شده توسط:عباس اکبری در:22:58
باسمه تعالی
اولین جلسه آموزشی گروه روز سه شنبه مورخ ۶/۹/۸۶ راس ساعت ۴ بعدازظهر در محل دبیرستان باقرالعلوم به منظور نقد وبررسی سوالات خرداد ماه سال ۸۶ - ۸۵ و بحث و تبادل تجربه همکاران گرامی پیرامون مسائل آموزشی برگزار خواهد شد.
لينك مطلب
نوشته شده توسط:عباس اکبری در:0:14
In the name of God
A test based on the first five lessons of book two
A: Vocabulary
1. People carry umbrellas on … days.
a. sunny b. windy c. rainy d. lucky
2. … is a long yellow fruit which is grown in hot countries.
a. Orange b. Apple c. Banana d. Lemon
3. Washoe couldn’t do the … right, so the man didn’t give her a banana slice.
a.. passage b. seed c. puzzle d. mistake
4. She cut the banana into thin slices. “Slice” means …
a. pieces b. seeds c. drops d. sizes
5. They gave the monkey a … for doing the puzzle right.
a. reward b. lab c. cage d. bill
6. The children kept on swimming in spite of the rain. “Keep on” means … .
a. succeed b. finish b. move d. continue
7. I think we’ve run out of petrol. “Run out” means … .
a. come to an end b. start using something c. complete d. pass
8. Did you give back the book to the library? “Give back” means … .
a. a. borrow b. change c. return d. leave
9. What are you doing? I am taking the clock … .
a. over b. apart c. away d. out
10. He … the news paper and looked at the pictures carefully.
a. turned off b. put on c. picked up d. turned down
11. Did you telephone her?
Oh, sorry! I tried to … her telephone number, but I couldn’t.
a. copy b. request c. remember d. repeat
12. You have to read the … very carefully before answering the questions.
a. bill b. passage c. puzzle d. tape
13. I’m very … about having some mistakes in my spelling.
a. happy b. surprised c. sorry d. glad
14. They were requested not to smoke. “Request” means … .
a. ask b. answer c. seat d. invite
15. After I had paid the bill, I found out that I had made a big … .
a. difficulty b. mistake c. noise d. fun
16. What are his parents? … of them are doctors.
a. All b. Both c. None d. Some
17. He is afraid of swimming. So he cannot join the … .
a. market b. river c. navy d. group
18. A person who works on a ship is called a … .
a. farmhand b. servant c. driver d. sailor
19. Please take the … of the flower. It’s very beautiful.
a. camera b. photograph c. top d. plan
20. I’ve put a new film in my … . I can take your photograph.
a. camera b. bag c., kettle d. spaceship
21. A Russian … took photographs from the other side of the moon.
a. ship b. airplane c. spaceship d. wagon
22. The moon moves … the earth.
a. aside b. around c. above d. all over
23. The river was very … . We couldn’t swim across it.
a. long b. wide c. flat d. far
24. Don’t walk on top of the wall. You may … .
a. fall down b. take off c. go up d. come down
25. There’s a … in your tooth. You should fill it.
a. hole b. rock c. boat d. field
26. A toy train is a train made for … .
a. traveling b. repairing c. playing d. painting
27. I fell off the bicycle yesterday. My leg … when I move it.
a. hurts b. sleeps c. burns d. sets
28. The eyes of the cat … in the dark room.
a. show b. glow c. light up d. pick up
29. … the door. It opens outside.
a. Pull b. Move c. Close d. Paint
30. You should … your children’s hands when you cross the street.
a. pick b. receive c. hold d. pull
31. How much does a … of jam cost?
a. bar b. box c. bag d. jar
32. How much does a … of milk cost?
a. bottle b. box c. bar d. jar
33. How much does a … of soap cost?
a. bottle b. box c. bar d. jar
34. On Sundays, Christian people go to the … to pray the God.
a. mosque b. school c. church d. house
35. How much does a … of chocolate cost?
a. bottle b. box c. bar d. jar
36. Children shouldn’t play with a … . They may hurt their hands.
a. hammer b. dollhouse c. thumb d. soap
37. The opposite of high is … .
a. ripe b. toy c. long d. low
38. … means very small.
a. Low b. Tiny c. Dark d. Flat
39. The boat … across the canal.
a. swam b. traveled c. sailed d. drove
40. He … his back when he fell down the stairs.
a. joined b. hurt c. held d. baked
41. Washing … make housework easier.
a. engines b. factories c. machines d. motors
42. She spends more money than she … .
a. travels b. sends c. brings d. earns
43. My friend’s father is a … . He works in a coal mine.
a. artist b. sailor c. miner d. waiter
44. “Oliver Twist” is not the story of a / an … boy.
a. real b. angry c. toy d. cool
45. “Kind” is opposite of … .
a. alone b. cruel c. angry d. upset
46. Smoking at schools and in cinemas is against the … .
a. language b. law c. number d. boss
47. I want to go out and play football; … I have an exam tomorrow.
a. although b. because c. whenever d. however
48.“What did you ask your … to do for you?”
“I requested him to pay me more.”
a. teacher b. president c. boss d. host
49. I had a … of soup for lunch today.
a. bar b. box c. bottle d. bowl
50. When my house is … we will leave this house.
a. planned b. completed c. found d. sent
51. “Why is your little sister … ?” “Because she has broken her toy.”
a. laughing b. waiting c. crying d. saying
52. The opposite of empty is … .
a. full b. fool c. poor d. real
53. She isn’t present today. She has been … for the last two weeks.
a. ill b. sad c. poor d. angry
54. Nowadays people usually travel by planes. “Nowadays” means …
a. in future b. today c. in the past d. at the present time
55. I … swimming to climbing. What about you?
a. plan b. prefer c. promise d. publish
56. “When are you going to … your book?” “In spring I think.”
a. publish b. employ c. paint d. hurt
57. Don’t forget, you have … to take him to cinema next week.
a. sent b. invited c. promised d. hoped
58. The reason why I ‘m late is that I missed the bus. “Reason” means ...
a. secret b. ground c. distance d. cause
59. Our country is one of the richest countries in the world. “
a. hard b. poor c. sad d. terrible
60. In summer, the heat is terrible in Saveh. “Terrible” means …
a. nice b. unkind c. unpleasant d. hard
61. I live in a(n) … on the second floor of that building.
a. store b. apartment c. room d. office
62. He put his book aside and started to watch TV. “Aside” means …
a. on one side b. inside something c. on both side d. outside something
63.
a. capital b. center c. seaside d. population
64. He opened a … of paint and started to paint the door.
a. bar b. can c. bag d. bottle
65. “What would you like to eat?” “Chicken … , please”
a. soap b. soup c. cream d. fruit
66.
a. is dirty b. has interesting places
c. has got a large population d. is not very big
67. He is a careless driver. He always gets into … with his car.
a. trouble b. hole c. mountain d. seaside
68. I don’t like living in busy cities. In fact I … it.
a. love b. hate c. take d. accept
69. The children were very happy. They were … up and down.
a. running b. riding c. rising d. jumping
70. He lost his job because he was ... .
a. lucky b. lazy c. happy d. sleepy
71. I couldn’t answer any questions. I … all them up.
a. mixed b. fixed c. turned d. jumped
72. I … the car on the side of the road and locked the door.
a. drove b. hit c. parked d. painted
73. There is a … of books on the top shelf.
a. line b. row c. slice d. group
74. If you want to swim, you should go to the … .
a. capital b. mine c. park d. seaside
75. I am not tall enough to … the top shelf.
a. touch b. break c. park d. hate
76. I have a cold. I can’t … anything.
a. test b. learn c. taste d. mix
77. There was a strong wind last week. It … many buildings in the city.
a. destroyed b. explained c. hated d. made
78. My son ran … me when he saw.
a. aside b. next c. toward d. down
79. I like fruit with … .
a. can b. carton c. cream d. pot
80. The street was so … that we could hardly move.
a. large b. crowded c. dirty d. interesting
لينك مطلب
نوشته شده توسط:عباس اکبری در:23:56
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Hole-in-the-wall is one of those phrases where you get a lot of words hyphenated, if you wrote it down: hole-in-the-wall, being used as a single word, as a noun. "'I'm going to the hole-in-the-wall"' you might say or "'I'm getting some money out of the hole-in-the-wall"'. Well you can see what it means, it means an automatic cash dispenser - one of those installed in the outside wall of a bank or some other money-giving organisation.
It's British colloquial; it's not used as far as I know in the States, or in Australia, or anywhere, although I wouldn't be surprised if it spread a little bit - always written with hyphens. Very unusual to see phrases of this kind and sentences being used in this way, as single words. But if you listen out for them, you'll find them - especially being used as adjectives. Have you heard people for instance say "'he's a very get-up-and-go-person"'? Now there's the sentence 'get up and go'. To say a "'get-up-and-go-person"' means somebody who's got lots of oomph inside them, lots of enthusiasm. Or if I give you a "'come-hither-look"' - a "'come-hither-look"': come here - come hither. Another phrase being used as an adjective.
You can try them out as a sort of game. "'Who do you think you are?"' is a common enough expression - so you can make it an adjective and say "'he gave me a who-do-you-think-you-are sort of look"'. Make it even longer if you want: "'he gave me a who-do-you-think-you-are-and-why-are-you-looking-at-me sort of look"' - but there is a limit to the length you can make an adjective. Don't go on for too long, you'll run out of breath!
Extra information
Katherine, Chicago, IL, USA writes:
In his explanation of "hole-in-the-wall", Professor Crystal says that it means an ATM, and the term is not used in the United States. It's true that we don't use hole-in-the-wall to describe an ATM. But we do use it to describe a small, modest, and out-of-the-way place, like a diner or a rundown cafe.
For example: "My apartment is just a hole-in-the-wall, but my rent is so low I can't complain."
"Instead of going to a fancy restaurant, let's visit some family-owned hole-in-the-wall."
The Hole-in-the-Wall is a nightclub in Austin, Texas; a community theater in New Britain, Connecticut and a place in Wyoming that once served as a hideout for the legendary gunmen Jesse James and Butch Cassidy.
Adapted from BBC
لينك مطلب
نوشته شده توسط:عباس اکبری در:3:40
Lesson 3
A: Vocabulary
1. Some people believe that certain types of clothes … their appearance.
a. reduce b. recycle c. enhance d. expect
2. It's best to cook vegetable in a small … of water.
a. degree b. depth c. pattern d. amount
3. It seems a good idea, but without knowing all the facts it's hard to … .
a. judge b. react c. distract d. create
4. One way to help protect our environment is to … things like bottles and newspapers.
a. decrease b. recycle c. increase d. pollute
5. There is a lot of concern about the effects of … on health.
a. extinction b. pollution c. occasion d. production
6. Parents try to create a happy home … for their children to grow up in.
a. temperature b. statement c. environment d. guarantee
7. In September, these birds migrate 2000 miles south to a warmer … .
a. field b. climate c. greenhouse d. ocean
8. In developed countries, trash believed to be … is burned to produce energy.
a. similar b. popular c. useless d. harmful
9. The greenhouse effect … by human activities is dangerous for the planet.
a. enhanced b. guaranteed c. heated d. polluted
10. Factories burning coal and oil help … pollution and put our lives in danger.
a. damage b. increase c. destroy d. include
11. My main … about moving to
a. damage b. exhaust c. concern d. fact
12. The study shows a relationship between lung diseases and air … .
a. atmosphere b. wildlife c. pollution d. extinction
13. The test shows that the … of iron in her blood is too low.
a. rise b. period c. case d. level
14. Is there any … reason why he doesn't want to come to the meeting?
a. particular b. useless c. effective d. wonderful
15. As you get older, … weight puts a lot of pressure on the heart.
a. effective b. reduced c. excess d. useless
16. Car … is the main reason for the city's pollution.
a. station b. exhaust c. fossil d. greenhouse
17. Can you give me a /an … that the work will be completed by the end of the week?
a. material b. guarantee c. item d. cost
18. We want clean rivers and lakes, where you can swim without … to your health.
a. contrast b. inaction c. pollution d. risk
19. The plane … speed as it neared the airport.
a. reduced b. produced c. defined d. enhanced
20. The strategy you have chosen could … more problems than it solves.
a. cause b. solve c. stop d. trap
21. In near future, … energy can be used to heat homes and to make electricity.
a. passive b. regional c. solar d. windy
B: Structure
1. The man … next door is a famous doctor.
a. that live b. living c. to live d. lived
2. The building … in the fire has now been rebuilt.
a. destroying b. was destroying c. was destroyed d. destroyed
3. I don't like the stories … happy endings.
a. having b. have c. had d. has
4. Some of the people … by the police have been released.
a. catching b. to catch c. caught d. that are catching
5. His father works for a company … washing machines.
a. make b. made c. making d. that is made
6. A dictionary is a useful book … you the meaning of words.
a. given b. gave c. giving d. by giving
7. It seems the earth is only planet … life.
a. supporting b. that support c. supported d. support
8. We've spent all our money. We've got a little … .
a. leaving b. that leaves c. left d. that left
9. The police never found the money … in the robbery.
a. to steal b. stolen c. stealing d. stole
10. The girl … in the accident was taken to hospital.
a. injuring b. that injured c. injured d. to injure
11. Some of the people … to the party can't come.
a. inviting b. invited c. to invite d. that invited
12. Bottles and cans … to be useless can be recycled.
a. believed b. to believe c. believing d. that believe
13. A new factory … 500 people has just opened in the town.
a. employed b. employing c. is employing d. has employed
14. The window … in the storm last night has now been repaired.
a. to break b. breaking c. broken d. broke
15. What was the name of the man … by the police?
a. catching b. was caught c. to catch d. who was caught
16. The company sent me a catalogue … all the information I needed.
a. contained b. that containing c. to contain d. containing
17. There was a big red car … outside the door.
a. parking b. to park c. parked d. that parked
18. The strategy … to control pollution in
a. planned b. planning c. which planned d. which is planning
19. The road … the two villages is not wide enough.
a. joins b. joined c. joining d. will be joined
20. Who were those people … outside?
a. waiting b. waited c. that wait d. who will wait
21. Do you know the woman … to Masoud?
a. talked b. talking c. were talking d. who were talked
لينك مطلب
نوشته شده توسط:عباس اکبری در:1:52
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نام ونام خانوادگی: |
In His Name مرکز پیش دانشگاهی نمونه علی بن ابی طالب (ع) |
تاریخ آزمون :21 /10/85 | |||||
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رشته : ریاضی و تجربی |
A final test based on the pre-university book 1 |
مدت آزمون : 95 دقیقه | |||||
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Marks |
Questions | ||||||
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4 |
A: Vocabulary I. Fill in the blanks using the following list.
1. If I'm not there when you phone, leave me a … . 2. The … of the dinosaurs occurred millions of years ago. 3. The open windows were … all night because of the wind. 4. My father smokes a lot. I'm a little … about his health. 5. I could tell from the sad … on her face that something serious had happened. 6. If you tell him what happened, I'm sure he'll understand. He is a … man. 7. Temperatures are … to reach 50°C in southern cities this summer. 8. Children usually have … bodies since they can bend and stretch easily. | ||||||
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II. Fill in the blanks in following sentences with your own appropriate words. 9. If you want to lose weight, you have to start regular … at a club. 10. Your heart is one hardworking part of your body pumping … every day of your life. 11. Crossing your arms, leaning against a wall, or tapping a pen might be … to your audience. 12. We need to use energy wisely if we want to slow down the process of … warming. 13. You can help control global warming by using … transportation. 14. The plates of the crust float on the soft, plastic … below the crust. | ||||||
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III. Match the words in column A with the definitions in column B.
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B: Structure I. Underline the correct word. 21. There were some children (playing / played) in the school yard. 22. The photographs (taking / taken) of the Earth were wonderful. 23. The accident wasn't serious. There was nobody (injuring / injured). 24. The scientists (researching / researched) the causes of the climate change are making progress. | ||||||
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II. Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with an appropriate word from the box below.
25. He didn't feel well … to go to work this morning. 26. I am afraid. I'm … busy to talk to you now. 27. She spoke English … well that you would think it was her mother tongue. 28. It was … boring film that I fell asleep while I was watching it. 29. He is a grown man. You can't … him to make a decision. 30. I am sure that her parents wouldn't … her to go out alone. 31. The teacher … all the students give a lecture during the term. 32. She will not … anyone smoke in the room. 33. Good eye contact … your audience to feel more relaxed. 34. … none of us had a watch, we didn't know what time it is. 35. Can I borrow your book … you have finished it? 36. I saw him … I was coming into the building. | ||||||
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C: Functions What're the Functions used in the following sentences? 37. Skull is the bony part of the head that protects the brain. a. Instructing b. Describing c. Defining d. Restating 38. Exercise makes you feel proud. In other words, when you're stronger you feel better about yourself. a. Instructing b. Describing c. Defining d. Restating 39. Do some deep breathing exercise before your speech. a. Instructing b. Defining c. Restating d. Explaining 40. Fear is sometimes good since it keeps us safe. a. Instructing b. Defining c. Restating d. Explaining | ||||||
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D: Reading Comprehension I. Sentence Comprehension Read the following sentences and then choose the best choice. "Scientists are sure about the greenhouse effect. They know that greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane make the earth warmer. They do so by trapping heat in the atmosphere." 41. The word "so" in the last sentence refers to … . a. knowing the greenhouse effect b. making the earth warmer c. trapping the heat in the atmosphere d. being sure about greenhouse effect "It is thought that about 700 shocks each year are destructive when they occur in a populated area. Luckily, most of these destructive earthquakes occur in less populated places." 42. Based on the above sentences … . a. the number of the destructive earthquakes in populated places are very high b. about 700 destructive earthquakes each year happen in a populated area c. about 700 destructive earthquakes each year occur in less populated areas d. fortunately, most of destructive earthquakes are predictable "Involve your audience by asking questions, talking to them directly, and getting them interested. This helps build a relaxed relationship with your audience. Involve the audience by using attractive opening sentences, or by asking for help from the audience." 43. According to the above sentences, which of the followings is not correct? a. avoiding irrelevant speaking b. starting our speech with interesting sentences c. building positive relationship with the audience d. not letting the audience take part in the presentation "The Earth could get warmer by itself, without help from people. Many climate scientists think that there is another reason for the change in temperature. They think that human activities like cutting down the trees, producing trash, and burning fossil fuel are helping make the Earth warmer." 44. Based on the above sentences … . a. human activities is the only reason for the global warming b. it seems that human activities is the main reason for the global warming c. it seems that it is impossible for the Earth to get warmer by itself d. scientists don't know what the reason for global warming is | ||||||
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II. Cloze Passage Read the following passage carefully and then fill in the blanks with the best choice. Ground movement during an earthquake is almost never direct 45 of death or injury. Most injuries result from falling walls, flying glass, and 46 objects as a result of the ground 47 , or people trying to move more than a few feet during the shaking. Much of the damage in earthquakes is 48 and preventable. The best protection during an earthquake is to get 49 heavy furniture such as a desk, table, or bench. The greatest 50 is directly outside buildings, at exits, and alongside outer walls 45. a. cause b. damage c. result d. protection 46. a. shaking b. damaging c. predicting d. falling 47. a. moving b. shaking c. rattling d. carrying 48. a. available b. predictable c. recyclable d. probable 49. a. above b. near c. inside d. under 50. a. injury b. procedure c. danger d. damage | ||||||
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III. Passage Comprehension Read the following text and then answer the questions. Have ever seen a greenhouse? Most greenhouses look like a small glass house. Greenhouses are used to grow plants, especially in the winter. Greenhouses work by trapping heat from the sun. The glass surface of the greenhouse lets light in but keeps heat from getting out. This keeps the plants warm enough to live in the winter. The earth's atmosphere is all around us and is the air that we breathe. The atmosphere works like a greenhouse, too. The sun makes the earth warm. The earth sends some heat back into space, and that helps keep the earth from getting too hot. Most of the earth's heat is trapped by the atmosphere. Like the glass roof of a greenhouse, the atmosphere keeps most of the heat from going back into space. The fact that the atmosphere traps heat is called the "greenhouse effect". It's similar to what happens in a greenhouse. Without the greenhouse effect, the earth would not be warm enough for humans to live. But if the greenhouse effect becomes stronger, it could make the earth warmer than usual. The point is that even a little extra warming may cause problems for humans, plants and animals. 51. A greenhouse is where … . a. harmful gases are produced b. plants needing warmth are grown c. we can peacefully breathe d. dangerous gases go into effect 52. The atmosphere is similar to a greenhouse since it … . a. helps plants absorb heat b. is made of glass c. traps heat d. has harmful effect 53. Without the greenhouse effect, … . a. there would be no life on the earth b. plants would grow normally c. there would be no pollution d. the earth would be too hot to live on 54. A small increase in the earth's temperature … . a. may put our lives in danger b. can make the greenhouse effect stronger c. can be ignored d. may cause the heat go back into space Good Luck! A. Akbari | ||||||
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نوشته شده توسط:عباس اکبری در:1:44
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